{"product_id":"konig-renum-30-capsules","title":"Konig Renum, 30 capsules","description":"\u003cp\u003eRENUM CAPS\u003cbr\u003eRenum is a renal function protector.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIt is composed of:\u003cbr\u003eCoenzyme Q10 TRANS and tocopherols. The therapeutic target of this type of Coenzyme Q10 is the NOX4 enzyme system, which is mainly present in the kidney and is responsible for generating the imbalance that causes oxidative stress in the kidneys. There it corrects the functioning of the cellular respiration system by restoring the redox balance.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTocopherols. They act at the LDL level, preventing lipid peroxidation. This is the name given to a chain of reactions generated by free radicals at the level of the cell membrane, modifying the structure of lipids, mainly unsaturated ones. This results in damage to the cell membrane and loss of its functions and consequent loss of cell function.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVegetable and fish oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. They act by protecting cell membranes and providing their structural components.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHow is Renum presented?\u003cbr\u003eRenum capsules: soft gelatin capsules (softgels). Packs of 30 and 90 capsules.\u003cbr\u003eRenum drops: dropper bottle containing 15 ml.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHow is Renum administered?\u003cbr\u003eIt is administered orally, directly into the animal's mouth or by emptying the contents into the feed.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhat is the dosage?\u003cbr\u003eCapsules\u003cbr\u003eDogs under 15 kg: 1 capsule\/day.\u003cbr\u003eDogs from 15 to 30 Kg: 2 capsules\/day\u003cbr\u003eDogs over 30 Kg: 3 capsules\/day\u003cbr\u003eDrops 5 drops \/Kg\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOXIDATIVE STRESS AND KIDNEY DISEASE\u003cbr\u003eWhat is oxidative stress (OS)?\u003cbr\u003eOxidative stress describes the damage caused to various tissues and organs by free radicals. Free radicals represent a class of molecules derived from oxygen metabolism and exist in all organisms that use oxygen. Most are of endogenous origin and are by-products of normal and essential reactions, such as mitochondrial energy generation and detoxification reactions.\u003cbr\u003eExternal factors include infections by bacteria, fungi and viruses.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOxidative stress occurs in cells and tissues when there is a disturbance of the balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant substances in favour of the former. The main oxidising substances in biological systems are oxygen-derived free radicals, also known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are intermediate molecules in chemical reactions and differ from other molecules in that they have orbitals with unpaired electrons. This makes them extraordinarily unstable and reactive, and their hunger for electrons to complete the orbital makes their attacks on other molecular structures very destructive.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMajor ROS include superoxide anion (O2 -), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (OH), singlet oxygen (1O2- ) and hypochlorous acid (HOCL).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOxidative stress in the kidney\u003cbr\u003eOver the last decade, considerable effort has been devoted to investigating the role of free radicals in the development of disease.\u003cbr\u003eIn the case of the kidney, oxidative stress represents the common denominator in the mechanism of kidney damage caused by nephropathy of many different origins.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThus, damage to the kidney exposed to ischaemia, nephrotoxic or infectious agents, as well as urinary tract obstructions, is associated with a pro-oxidant predominance over antioxidant defences.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA frequent target for attack by pro-oxidant agents is the lipids in the membranes of kidney cells, leading to their peroxidation. This lipoperoxidation compromises the integrity of the basement membrane and organ epithelium and may also affect the transport functions performed in the renal tubule.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMechanisms of renal damage\u003cbr\u003eThe mechanisms by which ROS may contribute to the progression of kidney disease are as follows:\u003cbr\u003e- Haemodynamically by damaging the characteristic properties of the glomerulus.\u003cbr\u003e- By inducing uncoordinated and aberrant growth responses.\u003cbr\u003e- By inducing loss of cell phenotype and apoptosis (self-induced cell death).\u003cbr\u003e- By promoting acute and chronic inflammatory responses: oxidants can promote the adhesion of certain pro-inflammatory molecules and mediators that are clearly implicated in the progression of kidney disease.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn conclusion, we see that oxidative stress represents the common denominator of the mechanism of renal damage caused by nephropathies resulting from a wide range of aetiologies.Therefore, one way to protect the kidney from the risk of injury is to act through a mechanism that reduces the degree of oxidative stress that can affect it in pathological states.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOne of the ways in which antioxidant substances (Vit. E) act is by positioning themselves on the surface of LDL molecules and thus contribute to the protection of the oxidisable groups of LDL against the action of free radicals.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe kidney's ability to defend itself against oxidative stress also depends on intracellular antioxidant defences. Mitochondria (intracellular organelle responsible for cellular respiration) and oxidative stress play a key role in the renal inflammatory process.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCoenzyme Q10 * plays an important role in the process of cellular respiration, increasing the production of ATP (the molecule that provides the energy needed to carry out the various cellular functions) and reducing the amount of free radicals (ROS).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e*Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a mitochondrial coenzyme that is essential for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the body's form of chemical energy. The human body has about 100 trillion cells and each must produce its own energy to carry out its biological functions.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRENUM activates and protects kidney function\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRENUM Capsules and RENUM drops combine the action of CoQ10 TRANS* with different types of tocopherols (a,ß,?,d). Due to its composition and characteristics, RENUM targets the NOX4 enzyme system, the expression of which is mainly found in the renal system.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCoenzyme Q10 trans: Coenzyme Q10 supplements can be CoQ10 trans obtained from natural sources by yeast fermentation, or CoQ10 cis trans, obtained by a process that produces the undesirable cis isomer (lower absorption and activity).\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePresentation\u003cbr\u003eRenum capsules 30 and 90 softgels, boxes of 15 units\u003cbr\u003eRenum drops, 15 ml bottle, boxes of 12 units\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"KONIG","offers":[{"title":"Default title","offer_id":43631764963505,"sku":"KO661787076826","price":20.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0638\/8829\/4065\/files\/konig-renum-30-capsulas_1da22b14-2802-4277-bfd5-cfdca13ad95b.webp?v=1784336895","url":"https:\/\/farmaciasdirect-eu.myshopify.com\/products\/konig-renum-30-capsules","provider":"Farmaciasdirect.eu","version":"1.0","type":"link"}